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[[File:35mmaspectratios.JPG|right|thumb|300px]] | [[File:35mmaspectratios.JPG|right|thumb|300px]] | ||
The '''aspect ratio''' is the ratio of the projected image's width:height when projected on the screen. In practice, the term is also used to refer to the image's width:height ratio as printed on the film. | |||
* | |||
* the fact that aspect ratios are rarely exact - in reality, aperture plates are cut approximately, etc. | |||
==Small Gauges: 8mm, Super 8, etc.== | |||
==16mm== | |||
The [[16mm]] frame has a native full-frame aspect ratio of nearly (though not exactly) 1.33:1. This is the aspect ratio of the vast majority of 16mm prints. | |||
* | |||
Other 16mm aspect ratios exist, however. Some prints are hard-matted to widescreen aspect ratios like 1.85 and 1.66 (this is seen with some frequency on 16mm reductions of widescreen feature films originally released on 35mm). | |||
Anamorphic 16mm prints also exist. These have an aspect ratio of 2.66:1. | |||
* Pan/scan, cropping, and other TV print issues | |||
<gallery widths=300px heights=300px> | |||
16mm-doubleperf-silent.jpg|''Conventional full frame 16mm print without soundtrack'' | |||
File:16mm-mono-single.jpg|''Conventional full frame 16mm print with soundtrack'' | |||
File:16mm-scope2.jpg|''Anamorphic 16mm print'' | |||
</gallery> | |||
==35mm== | |||
== | <gallery widths=300px heights=300px perrow=2> | ||
File:Aspectratios-frame.png|Aspect ratios as they appear in the film frame.<br>'''Red''' 1.33, '''Blue''' 1.37, '''Yellow''' 1.66, ''''Green''' 1.85 | |||
File:Aspectratios-screen.png|Aspect ratios as they appear on a full-width [[screen]]. | |||
</gallery> | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Gauge !! Aspect Ratio !! Other names !! Year of Introduction !! Notes | ! Gauge !! Aspect Ratio !! Other names !! Year of Introduction !! Image !! Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.33:1 || Silent / Full Frame || 1907 || | | [[35mm]] || 1.33:1 || Silent / Full Frame || 1907 || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.19:1 || Movietone || 1926 || | | [[35mm]] || 1.19:1 || Movietone || 1926 || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.37:1 || Academy ratio || 1932 || Sometimes incorrectly called 1.33 | | [[35mm]] || 1.37:1 || Academy ratio || 1932 || || Sometimes incorrectly called 1.33 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.66:1 || || 1953 || Warning: widescreen formats may be soft-matted | | [[35mm]] || 1.66:1 || || 1953 || || Warning: widescreen formats may be soft-matted | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.78:1 || || ? || Used for films that originated on video. | | [[35mm]] || 1.78:1 || || ? || || Used for films that originated on video. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 1.85:1 || Flat || 1953 || Warning: widescreen formats may be soft-matted | | [[35mm]] || 1.85:1 || Flat || 1953 || || Warning: widescreen formats may be soft-matted | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[35mm]] || 2.39:1 || CinemaScope / Anamorphic || 1953 || CinemaScope aspect ratios vary. | | [[35mm]] || 2.39:1 || CinemaScope / Anamorphic || 1953 || || CinemaScope aspect ratios vary. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
* Determining correct aspect ratios for widescreen, etc. | |||
** Eyeballing and measuring | |||
** Educated guesses based on year, studio, country, etc | |||
** Caveat: there is no "correct," historically - so contentious! | |||
==70mm== | |||
==See Also== | |||
* [[Aperture plate]] | |||
* [[Lens]] | |||
* [[Masking]] | |||